FEBRE AMARELA: Principais Aspectos
Keywords:
Febre amarela, vacina, áreas endêmicas, epidemiologiaAbstract
Yellow fever is an acute febrile infectious disease transmitted by arthropod vectors and caused by viruses of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. The virus is maintained in nature by transmission between non-human primates and wild tree mosquitoes, mainly of the genera Haemagogus and Sabethes (in Brazil) and Aedes (Stegomyia) in Africa. Yellow fever has its highest incidence in tropical areas of countries in Africa and South America, reaching approximately 200,000 people per year, accounting for 30,000 deaths per year in these continents. Brazil has the largest endemic area for the wild form of the disease and urban transmission takes place primarily in Africa. Its clinical manifestations range from liver dysfunction, renal failure, coagulopathy to jaundice, albuminuria, hemorrhages and shock, with a high mortality rate. Yellow fever has a wide range of clinical presentations, and may present asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic, moderate or severe. Therefore, it is essential to implement preventive measures so that the virus does not spread, including rapid responses with emergency vaccination campaigns to control outbreaks, prevent epidemics, and control the mosquito vector. Thus, this study aims to discuss the main aspects related to yellow fever in the world.
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